The Bauhaus was established in 1919 in Weimar as a school devoted to the teaching of fine and applied arts with the ultimate stated aim of turning out architects. Its first director, architect Walter Gropius, modeled it on a medieval guild (Bauhütte), seeking to integrate the worlds of art, craft, and commerce. This innovative teaching method attracted a highly gifted faculty, including Marcel Breuer, Lyonel Feininger, Paul Klee, László Moholy-Nagy, Oskar Schlemmer, and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, who served as the last director of the institution.